![]() ![]() Polyfunctional HSV-specific CD4+ and CD8+ T-cell responses were maintained during the follow-up period. Persons with primary HSV-1 infection had a higher risk of genital shedding compared with those with nonprimary infection (model-predicted rate, 7.9% vs 2.9% relative risk, 2.75 ). Oral HSV-1 shedding was detected on 88 of 2247 days (3.9%) at 2 months. Genital lesions were rare, reported on 65 of 2497 days (2.6%) at 2 months and 72 of 1872 days (3.8%) at 11 months. Genital HSV-1 shedding was detected on 275 of 2264 days (12.1%) at 2 months and declined significantly to 122 of 1719 days (7.1%) at 11 months (model-predicted rate, 6.2% at 2 months vs 3.2% at 11 months relative risk, 0.52 ). At 2 months, HSV-1 was detected from the genital tract in 53 participants (64.6%) and in the mouth in 24 participants (29.3%). HSV-specific T-cell responses were detected using interferon γ enzyme-linked immunospot.Īmong the 82 participants, the median (range) age was 26 (16-64) years, 54 (65.9%) were women, and 42 (51.2%) had primary HSV-1 infection. Primary HSV-1 infection was defined as absent HSV antibody at baseline or evolving antibody profile using the University of Washington HSV Western Blot. Blood samples were collected at serial time points to assess immune responses to HSV-1. Participants self-collected oral and genital swabs for HSV polymerase chain reaction testing for 30 days at 2 and 11 months and up to 2 years after diagnosis of genital HSV-1. Genital and oral HSV-1 shedding and lesion rates at 2 months, 11 months, and up to 2 years after initial genital HSV-1 infection. Persons with laboratory-documented first-episode genital HSV-1 infection, without HIV infection or current pregnancy, were referred for enrollment. Participants were recruited from sexual health and primary care clinics in Seattle, Washington. Prospective cohort followed up for up to 2 years, with 82 participants followed up between 20. The trajectory of the development of HSV-specific antibody and T-cell responses was also characterized. To inform counseling messages regarding genital HSV-1 transmission, oral and genital viral shedding patterns among persons with first-episode genital HSV-1 infection were assessed. Herpes simplex virus type 1 (HSV-1) is the leading cause of first-episode genital herpes in many countries. ![]()
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